A 130-year-old KwaZulu-Natal sugar, starch, and property company listed on the JSE. Under CEO Peter Staude, assets were overstated by R12.1 billion through inflated land conversion revenue and biological asset valuation irregularities from at least 2012. Placed in business rescue October 2022. Delisted from JSE 2023. Collapse threatened 30,000 sugar cane growers and 5,000 direct employees.